Sewage-source heat pump systems represent an efficient and environmentally friendly approach to heating and cooling. However, the unique characteristics of sewage water—such as its high mineral content, organic matter, and potential for corrosion and scaling—pose significant challenges when it comes to selecting appropriate heat exchanger equipment. These issues have become major obstacles in the widespread adoption of such systems. To address these problems, this study proposes the use of plastic heat exchangers instead of traditional metal ones. Compared to their metal counterparts, plastic heat exchangers offer superior resistance to corrosion and scaling, along with a more cost-effective solution. Furthermore, analysis of the pressure drop, mechanical strength, and heat transfer efficiency of plastic heat exchangers confirms that they are a viable and practical choice for sewage-source heat pump applications.
Heat pumps have gained popularity as an eco-friendly and energy-efficient method for temperature control in buildings. When using raw water—particularly sewage—as a heat source or sink, there are several distinct advantages over other types of heat sources. First, sewage is available in large quantities, with a consistent annual flow that makes it a reliable resource. Second, sewage exhibits a natural thermal pattern: it tends to be warmer in winter and cooler in summer. For instance, data from the Gaobeidian Wastewater Treatment Plant in Beijing shows that during winter, the sewage temperature ranges between 13.5°C and 16.5°C, which is higher than the ambient temperature in many regions. In summer, the temperature is around 22°C to 25°C, which is lower than typical ambient temperatures. This thermal characteristic makes it ideal for heat pump operations. Third, sewage contains a significant amount of waste heat—approximately 40% of the total urban waste heat is found in sewage. Therefore, it is considered an excellent heat source or sink for heat pump systems. However, the complex composition of sewage can lead to severe operational challenges, particularly in terms of long-term stability and maintenance of heat exchange equipment. Proper design and material selection are essential to ensure the system's durability and efficiency.
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