[China Instrument Network Instrument R&D] Recently, China's first dark energy detection project, the 12th Five-Year National 863 Program "Dark Energy Radio Detection Key Technology" project successfully passed technical acceptance and began formal observation, and is expected to obtain international astronomy during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. Breakthrough observations.
Cosmological observations show that dark energy accounts for about 3/4 of the total density of the universe, and it has strange properties that drive the universe to expand. However, the nature of dark energy is still an unsolved mystery. By observing the radiation with a wavelength of 21 centimeters produced by hydrogen atoms, the large-scale structure of the universe can be accurately measured, and then the cosmology measurement can be performed through the baryon sonosonic oscillation characteristics, providing observation clues for studying the dark energy problem. However, compared to other radiation produced by celestial bodies such as the Milky Way, the 21-cm signal is quite weak, so observing the 21-cm radiation at the cosmological scale has always been an unresolved major problem in radio astronomy.
The key technology of “dark energy radio detection†is based on the scientific goal of observing dark energy with 21 cm signal detection, breaking through large-scale radio antenna arrays and calibration methods, long-range mass data collection and transmission, weak signal extraction and certification, etc. The key technology is to build two radio telescope test array systems in Xinjiang. The array consists of three sets of parabolic cylindrical radio telescopes measuring 40 meters long from north to south and 15 meters wide from east to west, and sixteen-meter dish radio telescopes with a diameter of 16 meters. It is currently the most astronomical radio interference array with the largest number of interfering units in the country, and it is also the world’s second-built dark energy radio detection experimental project.
The establishment of the array system laid the foundation for the exploration experiments such as dark energy, rapid radio storms, and gravitational wave electromagnetic counterparts. At the same time, research on the identification and extraction of very weak signals, and the exchange and processing of massive data also laid a good foundation for China’s full participation in and leading the scientific research of the world's largest radio telescope array square kilometer array (SKA).
(Original title: Tianyi experimental array built to lay the foundation for domestic dark energy detection)
Cosmological observations show that dark energy accounts for about 3/4 of the total density of the universe, and it has strange properties that drive the universe to expand. However, the nature of dark energy is still an unsolved mystery. By observing the radiation with a wavelength of 21 centimeters produced by hydrogen atoms, the large-scale structure of the universe can be accurately measured, and then the cosmology measurement can be performed through the baryon sonosonic oscillation characteristics, providing observation clues for studying the dark energy problem. However, compared to other radiation produced by celestial bodies such as the Milky Way, the 21-cm signal is quite weak, so observing the 21-cm radiation at the cosmological scale has always been an unresolved major problem in radio astronomy.
The key technology of “dark energy radio detection†is based on the scientific goal of observing dark energy with 21 cm signal detection, breaking through large-scale radio antenna arrays and calibration methods, long-range mass data collection and transmission, weak signal extraction and certification, etc. The key technology is to build two radio telescope test array systems in Xinjiang. The array consists of three sets of parabolic cylindrical radio telescopes measuring 40 meters long from north to south and 15 meters wide from east to west, and sixteen-meter dish radio telescopes with a diameter of 16 meters. It is currently the most astronomical radio interference array with the largest number of interfering units in the country, and it is also the world’s second-built dark energy radio detection experimental project.
The establishment of the array system laid the foundation for the exploration experiments such as dark energy, rapid radio storms, and gravitational wave electromagnetic counterparts. At the same time, research on the identification and extraction of very weak signals, and the exchange and processing of massive data also laid a good foundation for China’s full participation in and leading the scientific research of the world's largest radio telescope array square kilometer array (SKA).
(Original title: Tianyi experimental array built to lay the foundation for domestic dark energy detection)
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