The environmental standard is "to prevent and control environmental pollution, maintain ecological balance, protect human health, and make provisions for various technical specifications and technical requirements that need to be unified in environmental protection work." Environmental standards are an important system of environmental law. They are special and different from other environmental legal systems, and their roles are irreplaceable. Environmental standards, like other legal norms, are also a kind of rules of conduct, but they tend to behave in a form and content as a technical norm; it has both a technical and a legal side. Environmental standards have the following characteristics:
First, it is established by a specific state agency in accordance with legal procedures. It is different from the environmental management standards set by the company and the product quality standards set by the industry associations.
Second, it is a technical regulation. It is different from the general environmental protection laws and regulations. It does not specify people's behavior patterns and legal consequences. Instead, it uses some numbers and indicators to express the boundaries of behavior rules to regulate people's behavior. It is also different from general technical specifications such as environmental management standards. The former is a mandatory standard, and the latter is a recommended standard. The recommended environmental standard can be converted into mandatory by compulsory environmental standards, laws and regulations or by the state authority. standard.
Third, it is extremely technical and time-sensitive. It should not only consider the environmental characteristics of the region but also consider the current best pollution control technology and economic development level.
A basic feature of environmental management systems and measures is quantitative management. Quantitative management requires a quantitative evaluation relationship between pollution source control and environmental target management, and comprehensive analysis. Various environmental management tasks, such as quantitative assessment of urban environmental comprehensive remediation, construction project environmental impact assessment, sewage declaration and registration, and pollution source deadline management, etc., should adopt environmental standards, especially national environmental quality standards or national pollutant discharges. Standards and environmental standards form the legal basis and basis for these systems. At the same time, the environmental standards are also the basis for the administrative department of environmental protection according to law. The environmental management system gradually formed over the years is the embodiment of the institutionalization of environmental supervision and management functions. However, these systems can only ensure that the supervision and management functions are carried out scientifically and effectively only after they have been technically standardized. Therefore, it is necessary to unify the technical methods through environmental protection standards.
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